News

Employment Law Update (October 2009)

Retirement at 65 legal – for now

The High Court has held that employers may lawfully retire employees at age 65, but has indicated that a review of the law is now needed.

In a case brought by Age UK – the charity formed following the merger of Age Concern and Help the Aged – the High Court was asked to consider whether the "default" retirement age of 65, brought in by the anti-age discrimination regulations in October 2006 was in fact lawful. In ruling that it was, and is, lawful, the High Court has brought certainty back to this area of law – for the time being.

The ruling follows an earlier clarification of European Union (EU) law from the European Court of Justice, set out in our March news article:

Compulsory Retirement age can be lawful, rules European Court

However, the judgment also made it clear that the government should urgently review the default retirement age, with a view to increasing it, as changes in the labour market may mean 65 would not be appropriate for much longer. The Government has already announced a review of the retirement age, and a decision is expected during 2010.

How does this impact my business?

For now, there is no change to the law. The "default" retirement age of 65 will continue, which means employers may lawfully retire staff at 65 provided that:

  • The employer has given the employee between 6 and 12 months' notice of retirement;
  • The notice does not expire before the employee reaches age 65;
  • The notice sets out the employee's right to request not to retire;
  • The employer follows the correct procedure in considering any request the employee makes not to retire.

What changes in the law are there likely to be?

The government has always made it clear that, in implementing the age discrimination laws, it has to bear in mind the competing claims of older employees - who might not want to be forced to retire - and younger people, who might find work or career development opportunities "blocked" by older workers. European Union law allows the government to do look at factors such as this, provided it can justify its actions on proper grounds.

In making its decision, the current recession will no doubt be a consideration, as young people entering the labour market for the first time are finding it increasingly difficult to find work, and this will not be helped by an increase in the retirement age.

However, set against this are the increasing numbers of people aged over 65, with corresponding demands by them for access to job opportunities, as well as increases in pension costs as life expectancy goes up.

Although it s possible the review might result in the removal of the default retirement age altogether, the government has so far taken a cautious approach. This means that a possible outcome of the review is an increase in the "default retirement age" towards age 70, although this might be implemented in stages over several years.

Is there anything I need to do?

Increasing the default retirement age or removing it altogether will mean employers will have to change the way they think about workforce planning.  Employers will no longer be able to assume staff will retire at 65, and they will not be able to force them to do so. This will clearly have implications for recruitment decisions.

Under current rules, employers may allow staff to carry on working at age 65 and over, but always with the certainty that employees aged over 65 can be dismissed with six months' notice (as long as the correct procedures are followed). Any change to these rules may mean employers have to prove inadequate performance before they can dismiss such employees. This could be a long and costly process.

If you have employees coming up to the default retirement age of 65:

  • Remember to operate the correct procedures if you wish to retire an employee;
  • If ane employee makes a request not to retire, take advice before making a decision – our Employment Team can help you.

If you have employees aged 65 and over:

  • Consider whether you would be happy to retain these employees if the facility under current rules to dismiss them with notice were removed;
  • Take advice from the Mentor Employment Law Team on your options before you take any action.